ISO/IEC JTC 1 SC 42 Artificial Intelligence - Working Group 4
Use Cases & Applications 04/25/2024
Editor's comments and enhancements are shown in green. [✓ Reviewed]
The quality of use case submissions will be evaluated for inclusion in the Working Group's Technical Report based on the application area, relevant AI technologies, credible reference sources (see References section), and the following characteristics:
[1] Data Focus & Learning: Use cases for AI system which utilizes Machine Learning, and those that use a fixed a priori knowledge base.
[2] Level of Autonomy: Use cases demonstrating several degrees (dependent, autonomous, human/critic in the loop, etc.) of AI system autonomy.
[3] Verifiability & Transparency: Use cases demonstrating several types and levels of verifiability and transparency, including approaches for explainable AI, accountability, etc.
[4] Impact: Use cases demonstrating the impact of AI systems to society, environment, etc.
[5] Architecture: Use cases demonstrating several architectural paradigms for AI systems (e.g., cloud, distributed AI, crowdsourcing, swarm intelligence, etc.)
[6] Functional aspects, trustworthiness, and societal concerns
[7] AI life cycle components include acquire/process/apply.
These characteristics are identified in red in the use case.
No.
35
ID:
Use Case Name:
Causality-based Thermal Prediction for Data Center
Data centers tend to be overcooled to prevent computing machines from failing due to heat. A reliable fine-grained control that could regulate air control unit (ACU) supply air temperature or flow is needed to avoid overcooling. Methods that are based on correlation-based techniques do not generalize well. Hence, we seek to uncover the causal relationship between ACUs supplying cool air and temperature at the cabinets to prioritize which ACUs should be regulated to control a hot-spot near a cabinet
Complete Description
First, we perform experiments in 6SigmaRoom for the layout of the data center being studied. We collect time-series data for supply air temperature and flow per ACU, and for inlet temperature at the cabinets. Next, we test the recorded time series for checking if Granger-causality (G-causality) can be established between the supply air temperature from an ACU to a cabinet. G-causality establishes the unidirectional temporal precedence for data center control actions from ACUs that leads to changes in specific cabinet temperatures. A variable X is said to Granger-Cause Y if, including data about past terms from X, leads to a better prediction of the future value of Y (i.e., Yt+1) than predicting Yt+1 based solely on past terms from Y.
We show by way of simulation that the ACU flows that Granger-Cause reduction in temperature at a cabinet provide a larger share of influence (based on Zone of Influence/Thermal Correlation Index from the simulation) on the cabinet. This could allow an operator to come up with a better control strategy to control hotspots in a data center by regulating ACU supply air temperature/flows.
Causality-based Thermal Prediction for Data Center. 2018 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA). Turin, Italy. 4-7 Sept. 2018.
Peer-reviewed scientific/technical publications on AI applications (e.g. [1]).
Patent documents describing AI solutions (e.g. [2], [3]).
Technical reports or presentations by renowned AI experts (e.g. [4])
High quality company whitepapers and presentations
Publicly accessible sources with sufficient detail
This list is not exhaustive. Other credible sources may be acceptable as well.
Examples of credible sources:
[1] B. Du Boulay. "Artificial Intelligence as an Effective Classroom Assistant". IEEE Intelligent Systems, V 31, p.76-81. 2016.
[2] S. Hong. "Artificial intelligence audio apparatus and operation method thereof". N US 9,948,764, Available at: https://patents.google.com/patent/US20150120618A1/en. 2018.
[3] M.R. Sumner, B.J. Newendorp and R.M. Orr. "Structured dictation using intelligent automated assistants". N US 9,865,280, 2018.
[4] J. Hendler, S. Ellis, K. McGuire, N. Negedley, A. Weinstock, M. Klawonn and D. Burns. "WATSON@RPI, Technical Project Review".
URL: https://www.slideshare.net/jahendler/watson-summer-review82013final. 2013